# Micro DIY Projects

> Do It Yourself to become a professional


## Posts

- [ESP-12F pinouts reference : How to use it in our designs](https://microdiypro.com/esp-12f-pinouts-reference-design-guide/): ESP-12F Pin Overview The ESP-12F module, based on the ESP8266EX, breaks out 22 pins. However, only 17 GPIO-related pins are practically usable, and several of them have important restrictions. Title in Other Languages German: ESP-12F Pinout-Referenz: Wie man es in eigenen Designs verwendet French: Référence du brochage de l’ESP-12F : Comment l’utiliser dans vos conceptions Spanish: Referencia de pines del ESP-12F: Cómo usarlo en tus diseños Italian: Guida ai pin di ESP-12F: Come usarlo nei tuoi progetti Portuguese (Brazil): Referência de pinagem do ESP-12F: Como usar em seus projetos Tip: Right-click anywhere on this page and choose “Translate to your language”.
- [Raspberry Pi Pico vs STM32 BlackPill for MicroPython: Full Comparison Guide](https://microdiypro.com/raspberry-pi-pico-vs-stm32-blackpill-for-micropython/): Both boards cost around $4 and run MicroPython, but they have different strengths. This guide compares hardware, performance, PIO, FPU, low-power modes, and real code examples to help you pick the right one.
- [How to Build an 18650 battery capacity tester: Architecture & Logic](https://microdiypro.com/how-to-build-an-esp32-18650-battery-tester-architecture-logic/): Part 1 – System Architecture and Firmware State Machine Introduction 18650 lithium ion cells are widely used in portable electronics, IoT devices, and energy storage systems. However, determining the actual capacity and health of a cell is not trivial. Many cells available on the market—especially reclaimed or recycled ones—have significantly degraded performance. To address this challenge, I designed a scalable 18650 battery capacity tester built around the ESP32 running MicroPython. The goal of the project was to build a reliable, cost effective, and extensible testing platform that can evaluate battery capacity and health while remaining flexible for future improvements. The system
- [18650 LED Driver Module (AP3031 Boost Converter) for Rechargeable Flashlights](https://microdiypro.com/18650-led-driver-module-ap3031/): Need stable LED brightness from a single 18650 cell? This AP3031 boost LED driver module improves efficiency, protects LEDs, and simplifies flashlight builds.
- [How to use AP3031KTR-G1 Boost LED Driver: Application and circuit](https://microdiypro.com/ap3031-boost-led-driver-guide/): Technical guide to the AP3031 boost LED driver: how it works, ILED ≈ 200mV/RISET, OV pin behavior (~17.5V), parts selection, and use cases.
- [How to Build a Rechargeable Flashlight with a 18650 Battery (AP3031 Driver Guide)](https://microdiypro.com/rechargeable-flashlight-18650-ap3031/): A rechargeable flashlight built with a single 18650 lithium-ion battery can be compact, powerful, and practical for everyday use. This battery format is widely used in ...
- [Intel 4‑Wire Fan Specification Explained (25 kHz PWM, Open‑Collector, Real‑World Tests)](https://microdiypro.com/intel-4-wire-pwm-fan-specification-25khz-open-collector/): Learn the Intel 4‑wire PWM fan specification with real‑world tests. Understand 25 kHz open‑collector control, minimum RPM limits, and why 0% PWM does not always stop legacy fans.
- [How to Control a 4-Wire PC Fan Using ESP8266 (PWM + RPM Monitoring Guide)](https://microdiypro.com/control-a-4-wire-pc-fan-using-esp8266/): Learn how to control a 4-wire PWM PC fan using an ESP8266 board. This step-by-step guide covers circuit wiring, PWM speed control, and RPM feedback monitoring with MicroPython.
- [ESP8266/ESP32 DevKit Pinouts: Guide with Usage Hints](https://microdiypro.com/esp8266-esp32-devkit-pinouts/): This guide covers the pinout diagrams, GPIO functions, and key considerations for both ESP8266 and ESP32 boards.
- [ESP32 & ESP8266 MicroPython Tutorials (Complete Guide with Projects)](https://microdiypro.com/esp32-esp8266-micropython-tutorials-projects/): Master List of ESP8266 & ESP32 Tutorials with MicroPython Welcome to the ultimate collection of ESP32 and ESP8266 MicroPython tutorials and projects. If you are just getting started with MicroPython programming on ESP boards or looking for practical IoT projects, this page is your complete guide.
- [ESP8266 MicroPython LED Blink Thonny (Beginner’s Guide)](https://microdiypro.com/esp8266-micropython-blink-led/): ESP8266 MicroPython LED blink tutorial 💻 How to Install Thonny IDE for MicroPython Step-by-step guide to download and set up Thonny IDE for MicroPython development on ESP8266. 
- [How to Install Python for ESP8266 and ESP32](https://microdiypro.com/how-to-install-python-for-esp8266-and-esp32/): Learn how to install Python on Windows for ESP8266 and ESP32 development using Thonny IDE and esptool. Step-by-step guide with video.
- [How to Install CH340G and CP2102 USB to Serial Drivers](https://microdiypro.com/install-ch340g-cp2102-usb-to-serial-drivers/): Learn how to install CH340G and CP2102 USB to Serial drivers for Windows. Fix device not recognized issues for Arduino, ESP8266, and others.
- [MicroPython vs Arduino for ESP8266 and ESP32](https://microdiypro.com/micropython-vs-arduino-for-esp8266-and-esp32/): In this tutorial we will compare two ways of programming ESP8266 and ESP32 for IOT and smart devices - Pros and Cons
- [What is MicroPython? Why MicroPython with ESP8266/ESP32 is ingenious?](https://microdiypro.com/what-is-micropython-why-micropython-with-esp8266-esp32-is-ingenious/): In this tutorial we will see the benefits of MicroPython and the reason of using it with ESP8266 and ESP32 for IOT and smart devices

## Pages

- [Youtube Channel](https://microdiypro.com/youtube-channel/)
- [Tutorials](https://microdiypro.com/tutorials-page/)
- [Home Page](https://microdiypro.com/): More than 2 results are available in the PRO version (This notice is only visible to admin users) All Tutorials How to Build an 18650 battery capacity tester: Architecture & Logic BernhardJune 20, 2026 Part 1 – System Architecture and Firmware State Machine Introduction 18650 lithium ion cells are… All Tutorials 18650 LED Driver Module (AP3031 Boost) for Rechargeable Flashlights BernhardMay 31, 2026 Need stable LED brightness from a single 18650 cell? This AP3031 boost LED driver module… Other articles AP3031 Boost LED Driver Explained: Current Setting, OV Protection, and Design Tips BernhardMay 20, 2026 Technical guide to the AP3031 boost


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